Tubal ligation is a process of sterilization restricting the ability of a woman to become pregnant through surgery. The procedure involves the cutting or blocking of the fallopian tubes so that the egg does not reach the uterus. Since it is a medical operation, tubal ligation can mean a hospital visit for one to four days. Although this procedure is sometimes reversible, any woman who wishes to proceed with a tubal ligation should consider this a permanent step.